Manganese

Manganese is a trace mineral naturally found in many plant-based foods, including whole grains, legumes, nuts, and certain fruits. The body requires it in only very small amounts, yet it plays an essential role in several biological processes. It contributes to protecting cells from oxidative stress as a cofactor of the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), a key antioxidant enzyme. It also supports normal carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, contributes to the normal formation of connective tissues, and helps maintain proper bone mineralisation. Manganese additionally contributes to normal energy metabolism. Although severe deficiencies are uncommon in Western countries, insufficient intakes can occur in individuals with unbalanced dietary habits. Supplementation can then help ensure that daily requirements are met and support all the functions to which this trace element contributes.